Elative
The Elative (elatiivi) case is part of the internal locative cases. It typically corresponds to the from preposition in English, and usually refers to a change or observation of something going from inside to outside. This is not always exact and depends on the context. In Finnish it is indicated by the -sta/-stä suffix.
Concept
Including, but not limited to:
- When something comes from somewhere.
- When giving an opinion.
- When using certain verbs.
Usage
When something comes from somewhere
Typically when something physically comes, moves or changes its position from somewhere.
| Word | Translation | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word Talo | Translation House | Example
Talosta, taloista | Translation From the house(s) |
| Word Kaappi | Translation Cupboard | Example
Kaapista, kaapeista | Translation From the cupboard(s) |
| Word Laatikko | Translation Box | Example
Laatikosta, laatikoista | Translation From the box(es) |
| Word Tasku | Translation Pocket | Example
Taskusta, taskuista | Translation From the pocket(s) |
| Word Auto | Translation Car | Example
Autosta, autoista | Translation From the car(s) |
When giving an opinion
Opinions are typically provided from someone, so they utilise the Elative locative case.
| Word | Translation |
|---|---|
| Word Minä tykkään kahvista | Translation I like coffee |
| Word Sinusta kirja oli loistava | Translation (In your opinion) the book was great |
| Word Hänestä Suomi on kaunis maa | Translation (In his opinion) Finland is a beautiful country |
When using certain verbs
When using verbs to express opinions, such as Pitää or Tykätä.
| Word | Translation |
|---|---|
| Word Minä pidän kahvista | Translation I like coffee |
| Word Hän pitää ruoanlaitosta | Translation He likes cooking |
| Word Tykkäätkö sinä kissoista? | Translation Do you like cats? |
Formation
When words end in a single vowel
Words that end in a single vowel of -a/-ä, -o/-ö or -u/-y simply add the -sta/-stä suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Talo | Conjugation Talosta |
| Word Sänky | Conjugation Sängystä |
| Word Kaappi | Conjugation Kaapista |
When words end in -e
Words that end in -e acquire a second -e before adding the -sta/-stä suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Huone | Conjugation Huoneesta |
| Word Vene | Conjugation Veneestä |
| Word Lentokone | Conjugation Lentokoneesta |
When words end in -nen
Words that end in -nen change to -se before adding the -sta/-stä suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Sininen | Conjugation Sinisestä |
| Word Suomalainen | Conjugation Suomalaisesta |
| Word Toinen | Conjugation Toisesta |
New Finnish words
New Finnish words typically look or sound like words in other languages. They perhaps most commonly seem to resemble English words. These words simply add the -sta/-stä suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Pankki | Conjugation Pankista |
| Word Bussi | Conjugation Bussista |
| Word Kahvi | Conjugation Kahvista |
Old Finnish words
Old Finnish words that end in -i change to -e before adding the -sta/-stä suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Järvi | Conjugation Järvestä |
| Word Lahti | Conjugation Lahdesta |
| Word Suomi | Conjugation Suomesta |
Old Finnish words ending in -si
Old Finnish words that end in -si change to -de before adding the -sta/-stä suffix.
| Word | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Word Uusi | Conjugation Uudesta |
| Word Kuukausi | Conjugation Kuukaudesta |
| Word Vuosi | Conjugation Vuodesta |